AMIRA — Africa Multiple Research Data

AMIRA MCP Server

Read-only Model Context Protocol server for the Africa Multiple Interactive Research Atlas (AMIRA), the research-data platform of the Africa Multiple Cluster of Excellence at the University of Bayreuth. AMIRA is published on the cluster's public Omeka S site at data.africamultiple.uni-bayreuth.de.

AMIRA is built and maintained by the Cluster's Digital Research Environment (DRE), its digital infrastructure unit. The DRE designs, builds, and maintains the data systems that connect researchers across the Africa Multiple Research Centres (AMRCs) and partner institutions worldwide. Curation and description are joint efforts with partners at the AMRCs in Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Rhodes University, the University of Lagos, and Moi University. Bayreuth hosts the coordinating DRE infrastructure and metadata layer. Federal University of Bahia is a privileged partner, not an AMRC.

Storage stays distributed by default: data remains in its local repository, while Bayreuth holds the metadata layer that points to it. Research data becomes findable without being relocated. High-quality metadata makes researchers' data more discoverable and their work more visible to a wider community of peers.

This server exposes AMIRA's projects, thematic research sections, ~4,000 digitised research items, people, institutions, groups, collections, the cluster bibliography with searchable full text (extracted from the open-access PDFs) and its journals, podcast episodes with transcripts, and the cluster's YouTube videos with searchable transcripts — as 33 core tools an LLM can query, five research-workflow prompts, and resources for citable records and bulk exports. From one MCP interface, clients can move across records and the places, languages, and subjects that connect them.

Every record carries an amira_url — its public page on the Omeka S site (…/s/amira/item/<id>) — so findings can be cited as links back to the source. AMIRA focuses on the Cluster's research data. For news, events, and general information about the Africa Multiple Cluster of Excellence, visit africamultiple.uni-bayreuth.de.

Coverage checked 6 October 2026: 3,975 research items (1,419 with digitised media), 93 projects, 555 publications (60 with extracted full text), 87 journals, 43 podcast episodes, 140 videos and 3,085 subject authorities (646 Library of Congress headings). Counts are a dated snapshot; use get_collection_overview for what your running server actually holds. See the publication guide, the changelog for what each release changed, and the roadmap for further improvements.

How it gets its data — and why nothing else is needed

The server is self-contained and offline-first. It reads from two sources:

1. A complete data snapshot bundled inside the .mcpb — crawled from the public Omeka S REST API at build time and transformed into compact typed records, so the server works fully offline with zero setup.
2. (optional, on by default) the Omeka S API over HTTPS. At startup and daily, probes compare item and item-set modification signatures and totals. A changed signal triggers a complete crawl; a weekly forced crawl also catches vocabulary-only edits. A writer lock, immutable generations and an atomic pointer preserve the previous usable snapshot if refresh fails. The API origin and installation path partition the cache and must match the manifest before its records can be served under that site's citation URLs.

End users need no API key, no credentials, and no VPN — it's the same openly published data that powers the public site.

Tools

Call get_collection_overview first to scope the data, then drill in.

Prompts and resources

Five prompts package multi-step research workflows. Hosts show them as slash commands; their arguments autocomplete from the snapshot's own authority names, and each restates the citation rules. They are listed through prompts/list, so they add nothing to the per-turn tool payload.

Resources expose data outside the tool calls:

Profiles and research workflows

AMIRA_TOOL_PROFILE=full is the default: 33 core tools, or 35 over HTTP. research, discovery and visualization expose smaller documented subsets (22/12/14 core tools respectively; HTTP adds search and fetch). Profiles are fixed at startup; they reduce discovery cost, not access permissions. Tools outside a profile are removed, and so are the apps that render them. See src/toolProfiles.ts for the exact lists.

Typed ids work everywhere in either vocabulary (item: / research_item:, pub: / publication:, section:, person:, organisation:, project:, video:, podcast:), including the id of every get_* tool. Paged results stop early, with response_limited: true and a correct next_offset, when a page would exceed 40,000 characters — Claude Code moves larger tool results out of the conversation. Error results carry the error as JSON text only.

Use resolve_entity before graph traversal; pass its typed id unchanged to get_entity_graph. Graph edges count distinct source records, separate each corpus, and distinguish catalogue links from co-occurrence. types (for example ["person"]) keeps only neighbours of those types and applies before the bounds; neighbour_types counts every neighbour by type either way. Neither co-occurrence nor a shared subject establishes collaboration. Follow an edge with edge_id and the returned snapshot_id for stable evidence paging. Graphs cap at 100 nodes, 200 edges and 42,000 JSON bytes, so check truncated.

get_text_passages takes 1–10 publication:ID (or pub:ID), video:ID or podcast:ID identifiers. It returns at most 20 passages per page, original UTF-16 offsets and source citations; every match is reachable through next_offset (scanned_matches_capped reports a document with more than 10,000 matches). These are extracted-text offsets, not PDF page numbers or audio timestamps. get_snapshot_changes requires two local same-source generations; it reports available history instead of inventing a diff.

Example questions it can answer

Companion skill

A research-workflow skill ships in .claude/skills/amira-mcp/: cluster context, a query workflow, a tool-by-task map, the citation discipline, and coverage caveats. Install it either way:

• Download amira-mcp-skill.zip from the releases page and unzip it into your Claude skills directory (e.g. ~/.claude/skills/) — it expands to ~/.claude/skills/amira-mcp/.
• Or copy the .claude/skills/amira-mcp/ folder from this repo there.

…or let the server hand it over (Skills over MCP)

Official extension; host support varies. SEP-2640 is now Final. The server follows the published Skills extension, including SHA-256 digests and byte sizes for every file. The zip above remains available for clients without extension support. The research tools and citation contract work either way.

The server also serves that same skill over the connection, following the SEP-2640 extension (io.modelcontextprotocol/skills). Nothing to download and nothing to keep in sync: a host that implements the extension discovers the skill on connect, and the copy it gets is the one built into the running server rather than a zip that may predate the tool surface it describes. It is the only route that reaches the remote HTTP surface — ChatGPT, Claude.ai connectors and the APIs have no local skills directory.

Cost when unused: zero. Skill text is never injected into the server instructions or into any tool description, so the tools/list payload — the part re-sent every turn — is byte-identical whether or not a host supports the extension. Disclosure timing stays a host decision; the three reference files load only when something actually reads them.

Set AMIRA_SKILLS=0 to drop the capability and the three methods entirely.

Install (end users)

Download amira-mcp-server.mcpb from the releases page and double-click it. Claude Desktop shows an install dialog; click Install. No further configuration is required. The latest tagged release carries the current data; the rolling data-latest pre-release always tracks the freshest site snapshot.

Use it from ChatGPT, the API, or any remote client

The .mcpb is the local, offline option for Claude Desktop. The same server can also run as a remote Streamable HTTP endpoint — one HTTPS URL that ChatGPT, Claude (web + desktop remote connectors), the OpenAI and Anthropic APIs, Cursor, VS Code and other clients connect to by pasting a URL (no download, always-fresh data). The remote surface serves the same 33 tools plus the OpenAI-compatible search / fetch tools for ChatGPT research integrations (35 total). Access is unauthenticated — the data is public and read-only.

search takes plain keywords (matched term-by-term, not as an exact phrase), with optional limit and types to keep the result set tight, and returns ranked hits across research items, the bibliography (reaching into publication full text), podcasts, videos, projects and research sections. The url on search results and fetch documents is always the AMIRA/Omeka public record page; DOI, YouTube/watch, and podcast/listen URLs are kept as secondary metadata/text links. fetch returns one record's full text by the id search hands back — for videos and podcasts the transcript is omitted by default (metadata + description only, since a full one can run to tens of thousands of characters), and include_transcript=true pulls it in — paged with transcript_offset / transcript_max_chars (the same names get_video / get_podcast use). Publication full text works the same way (include_fulltext=true, paged with fulltext_offset / fulltext_max_chars, matching get_publication), and max_chars caps the whole text body. The appended window is sized against what max_chars leaves after the metadata header, so *_returned_chars is exactly what landed in text and the next page starts at offset + returned_chars with no gap.

npm run build && npm run start:http     # → http://localhost:8787/mcp
# or, self-contained, via Docker:
docker build -t amira-mcp . && docker run -p 8787:8787 amira-mcp

Endpoints: POST /mcp (the MCP endpoint) and GET /healthz. Bind with PORT / HOST.

• ChatGPT → enable Developer mode under Settings → Security and login, then add your server URL from ChatGPT Plugins. Research integrations use search + fetch; see the current OpenAI setup guide.

• Claude (web or desktop) → Settings → Connectors → Add custom connector → https://<your-host>/mcp.

• OpenAI API (Responses) — point the mcp tool at the endpoint:

  { "type": "mcp", "server_label": "amira",
    "server_url": "https://<your-host>/mcp",
    "allowed_tools": ["search", "fetch"], "require_approval": "never" }
  

Deploy (self-hosted, e.g. alongside the amira site)

The multi-stage Dockerfile crawls a fresh snapshot at build time and runs the self-contained bundle (no node_modules at runtime). On a Linux host you can equally run it under systemd behind a reverse proxy:

# /etc/systemd/system/amira-mcp.service
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/node /opt/amira-mcp/server/http.js
Environment=PORT=8787 HOST=127.0.0.1 AMIRA_LIVE_REFRESH=true
Restart=always
User=www-data

location /mcp { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8787/mcp; proxy_buffering off; client_max_body_size 64k; }

proxy_buffering off keeps the Streamable-HTTP/SSE responses flowing. The refresh uses AMIRA_SITE_BASE (the public HTTPS API by default), even when co-located with Omeka. It performs a full crawl when changes are detected; co-location does not eliminate API load. The server caps request bodies at 64 KiB and rate-limit state at 10,000 clients. Configure connection, request-rate and concurrency limits at the reverse proxy for public deployments; the in-process limiter is a courtesy control. Shutdown cancels refresh work and gives HTTP connections a ten-second drain window.

For a build that consumes a previously reviewed data/ snapshot without calling Omeka during the build:

docker build --build-arg SNAPSHOT_STAGE=bundled -t amira-mcp .

The default SNAPSHOT_STAGE=fetch still crawls fresh data. Both stages validate the snapshot. The image pins its base digest; npm ci uses the committed lockfile.

Develop / rebuild

npm ci
npm run fetch-data    # crawl the public Omeka API -> ./data snapshot (~1 min)
npm run typecheck     # tsc --noEmit
npm run build         # esbuild -> server/{index,http,fetchCli,lib}.js
npm test              # unit tests: transform fixtures, folding, snapshot + store lifecycle,
                      # and the full tool layer against a fixture snapshot via
                      # InMemoryTransport (offline)
npm run test:live     # integration tests against the live API (network)
npm run smoke         # test/smoke/stdio.mjs: spawn the stdio server, exercise every tool offline
npm run smoke:http    # test/smoke/http.mjs: spawn the HTTP server on a free port: search/fetch +
                      # parity, CORS preflight for both protocol revisions, the rate limiter
npm run weigh         # token budget report (needs ./data — run fetch-data first)
npm run benchmark     # offline latency baseline against ./data (30 warm samples per query)

Token budgets

Context is the scarcest resource a client has, so both halves of what this server spends are measured and gated (scripts/weigh.mjs, estimating tokens as bytes/4 — comparable to itself, not to a billing statement):

No tool description is derived from the snapshot, so the surface is a pure function of the code: test/unit/budget.test.mjs gates it offline against no data at all, and asserts that the empty-store measurement still matches the baseline recorded against the full snapshot. Response weight needs real data, so npm run weigh -- --check runs in the smoke job instead. Drift there is only a warning — a routine npm run fetch-data must not red the build — while the absolute cap (Claude Code truncates tool results at 25,000 tokens) is fatal, as is any probe whose call failed, since a structured refusal is ~60 tokens and would otherwise sail under every ceiling.

Version 1.18 deliberately raises the full-profile ceiling to 14,000 estimated tokens to accommodate six tools and useful output schemas. Smaller profile gates are 10,100 (research, raised from 10,000 for resolve_entity's near-miss fields), 6,500 (discovery) and 9,500 (visualization). The guidance-off surfaces of the evaluation ablation are measured and gated like the shipped ones. The committed baseline records the exact surface size, text bytes, serialized wire bytes (text and structured content both count) and the snapshot it was measured on. Every response must also stay under 45,000 characters: Claude Code stores any tool result over 50,000 characters in a file instead of the conversation. Paged results and the graph are byte-bounded to fit.

When a change legitimately grows either number:

npm run weigh -- --update    # rewrites test/token-baseline.json

Commit the diff. That is the point of the file: the cost of a new tool or a richer result summary lands in code review as a number instead of arriving unnoticed.

Pack the extension:

npm run prepack-mcpb                       # clean + typecheck + build + test + smoke
npm run validate:manifest
npm run pack-mcpb                          # -> amira-mcp-server.mcpb

scripts/census.mjs re-runs the property census behind the field mapping (scripts/census-report.json) — rerun and diff it if the instance's templates change. The design decisions behind it are in ROADMAP.md; CHANGELOG.md records each release.

Continuous delivery

Three GitHub Actions cover pull requests and distribution (the two distribution workflows crawl the public API — no credentials):

• CI (.github/workflows/ci.yml) — on pull requests and pushes to main: type-checks once, then runs the offline unit suite (including the tool-surface token budget) on Node.js 22, 24 and 26 on Linux and Node.js 24 on Windows, then exercises both MCP transports, weighs every tool's response at its maximum limit, and validates the MCPB manifest. The complete dependency audit fails on high or critical advisories. A separate container job builds an offline fixture image and checks health. Windows CI also packs a fixture extension and checks its file list. A non-blocking job runs the official MCP conformance suite against the HTTP server. Actions are pinned to commit SHAs; every job has a timeout.

• Release (.github/workflows/release.yml) — on a pushed v* tag: checks the tag against package.json, crawls a fresh snapshot, runs unit, live and smoke tests, packs the .mcpb and zips the companion skill (amira-mcp-skill.zip) in a read-only job; a separate publish job attaches both to the GitHub Release with build-provenance attestations. A non-blocking job publishes server.json to the MCP Registry.

• Refresh data snapshot (.github/workflows/refresh-data.yml) — weekly and on demand; rebuilds only when the transformed snapshot content hash changes, including item-set and vocabulary changes, updating the rolling data-latest pre-release.

Publishing from Actions requires a writable token. If the organization disables write permissions for the default workflow token, either (a) enable Read and write permissions under Organization → Settings → Actions → General → Workflow permissions, or (b) add a repo/org secret RELEASE_TOKEN (a PAT or GitHub App token with contents: write). The workflows use secrets.RELEASE_TOKEN when present and fall back to the default token.

Configuration (environment / extension settings)

Snapshot layout and recovery

The cache lives under AMIRA_CACHE_DIR/<API identity hash>/. active.json names the current immutable generations/<uuid>/ directory and two previous generations. Unreferenced generations have a 24-hour cleanup grace period. Existing flat snapshots and a same-source legacy cache/current remain readable; the first new publication migrates a flat destination into generation history. npm run fetch-data also writes the generation layout to data/; scripts must use loadSnapshot rather than assuming data/manifest.json is active.

A crashed writer can leave writer.lock. Stop all processes using that cache, confirm no writer is running, then remove that one lock file and restart. The server deliberately never guesses whether an old lock is safe to steal. Failed refreshes leave the last usable data available. /healthz, overview and data quality report refresh attempt/success times, in-flight state and failure class. Retries apply only to transient upstream failures, honor bounded Retry-After, and abort after a 15-minute refresh deadline or shutdown. Probes cannot provide a transactional Omeka snapshot; periodic complete crawls remain necessary.

Metadata-exposure levels (benchmark experiments)

AMIRA_EXPOSURE lets an evaluation run the same tasks under graded metadata visibility — the "metadata mediation" condition of LLM-access studies. It is an experiment flag, not an end-user setting; the default (full) is the normal server. Existence flags (has_transcript / has_fulltext) stay visible at every level; only content and relations are gated, and refusals are structured errors (exposure_restricted / text_access_disabled) so a model can say why it cannot answer rather than hallucinating.

Guidance ablation (benchmark experiments)

AMIRA_GUIDANCE=off serves the same operations without the curatorial guidance, so an evaluation can measure what that guidance contributes. Like AMIRA_EXPOSURE it is an experiment flag; the default (on) changes nothing. The tool list is built when the server starts, so set the variable before starting it and restart to change it.

The tool list costs 12,040 estimated tokens per turn on stdio with guidance and 8,485 without (HTTP: 12,981 and 9,044); the instructions add 448 once per session. npm run weigh measures both and the baseline records them.

Architecture

• Pure in-memory typed records. The Omeka JSON-LD is transformed once at build time (src/transform.ts, evidence in scripts/census-report.json); the runtime loads compact records and indexes them at startup. No native bindings; the esbuild bundles are self-contained.

• Offline-first with atomic refresh. Bundled snapshot + locked generation publication; the freshest manifest wins at startup (an old cache can never shadow a newer bundled snapshot).

• Citations are uniform: every entity is an Omeka item, so every record carries amira_url = <site>/s/amira/item/<o:id>.

• Accent-insensitive matching everywhere (src/text.ts). The collection is francophone-Africa-heavy and its authority records are not consistently accented against the free text — "Côte d'Ivoire" is the subject heading while item titles carry "Cote d'Ivoire". Every keyword comparison folds both sides (NFD, drop combining marks, lowercase, and map curly quotes, dashes and the ligatures œ/æ/ß to plain forms), so the answer no longer depends on which spelling the caller guessed. Folds of large texts are memoised and dropped when a refresh replaces the snapshot.

• Interactive results (MCP Apps). Seven tools carry _meta.ui.resourceUri pointing at a text/html;profile=mcp-app resource, so hosts implementing the io.modelcontextprotocol/ui extension (Claude, Claude Desktop) render the result inline. Every other client ignores the _meta and gets exactly the same JSON.

  Tool	Resource	Renders
  get_collection_overview	ui://amira/overview	Stat tiles + ranked breakdowns by university, section, resource type and language
  list_years	ui://amira/timeline	Histogram of items per year or decade
  list_research_sections	ui://amira/sections	Gantt of the sections across the AM 1.0 / AM 2.0 funding phases, with a "now" marker
  find_related	ui://amira/related

Protocol posture

Verified against the current specification and TypeScript SDK documentation on 6 October 2026. The server speaks MCP 2026-07-28 on both transports, and still answers 2025-era clients unchanged.

It runs on the v2 TypeScript SDK — the scoped packages (@modelcontextprotocol/server, /node, /client), not the frozen @modelcontextprotocol/sdk v1 monolith. Two things are worth knowing if you work on the entry points:

• The modern era is opt-in. SUPPORTED_PROTOCOL_VERSIONS is the legacy initialize ladder and stops at 2025-11-25; the SDK keeps the 2026 string internal on purpose. createAmiraServer names the revision itself in supportedProtocolVersions, which is what registers server/discover — without it that method answers -32601.
• The era is owned by the entry, not the transport. serveStdio(factory) and createMcpHandler(factory) decide the era per connection/request and pin an instance from the factory. Connecting a bare StdioServerTransport or NodeStreamableHTTPServerTransport by hand serves the 2025 era only.

Concretely on the wire: server/discover advertises ["2026-07-28"], results carry resultType, and the cacheable results carry real ttlMs / cacheScope (1 h public on tools/list, resources/list and server/discover; 24 h on resources/read, whose ui:// app HTML is immutable per build) rather than the SDK's conservative { ttlMs: 0, cacheScope: "private" } default. Back-compat is the handler's legacy: 'stateless' default, which answers 2025-era traffic with a fresh instance per request — the same shape this server always had.

The deprecations of that revision cost nothing here: Roots, Sampling, Logging and Elicitation are all unused, logging goes to stderr, and tool order is deterministic (registration order). CORS accepts both generations of headers (Mcp-Session-Id/MCP-Protocol-Version and Mcp-Method/Mcp-Name/X-Mcp-Header).

Citing this software

If this server is part of how you found or analysed AMIRA material, please cite it. The repository carries a CITATION.cff, so GitHub's Cite this repository button will render BibTeX and APA for you.

@software{madore_amira_mcp_server,
  author    = {Madore, Frédérick},
  title     = {{AMIRA MCP Server}},
  year      = {2026},
  publisher = {Africa Multiple Cluster of Excellence, University of Bayreuth},
  url       = {https://github.com/AM-Digital-Research-Environment/amira-mcp-server},
  license   = {MIT}
}

Cite the data separately from the software: individual records are citable by their amira_url (https://data.africamultiple.uni-bayreuth.de/s/amira/item/<id>), which is what every tool result returns for exactly this reason.

Credits and funding

Built and maintained by the Digital Research Environment (DRE) of the Africa Multiple Cluster of Excellence, University of Bayreuth — the Cluster's digital infrastructure unit, which designs and runs the data systems behind AMIRA. Curation and description of the underlying records are joint efforts with partners at the Africa Multiple Research Centres (Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Rhodes University, University of Lagos, Moi University) and Federal University of Bahia.

Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy — EXC 2052/1 — 390713894 (Africa Multiple: Reconfiguring African Studies).

License

MIT — see LICENSE. See also CONTRIBUTING.md and SECURITY.md.